µP

microPublication Biology

Nora Doughty1*ORCID logo, Ethan Pini1*ORCID logo, Alizabeth Tobin2ORCID logo, Mia Lacenere2ORCID logo, Allison Rea1ORCID logo, Taylor Holt1ORCID logo, Christopher Park1ORCID logo, Amy Jones3ORCID logo, Michael S. Foulk2ORCID logo, and Christopher D. Shaffer1§ORCID logo

1Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States

2Mercyhurst University, Erie, Pennsylvania, United States

3The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States

§Correspondence to: Christopher D. Shaffer (shaffer@wustl.edu)

* Authors have equal contribution

Abstract

Description

Methods

Extended Data

Acknowledgements

Funding

Author Contributions

  • Nora Doughty: Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Ethan Pini: Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Alizabeth Tobin: Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Mia Lacenere: Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Allison Rea: Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Taylor Holt: Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Christopher Park: Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Amy Jones: Writing - review & editing, Supervision
  • Michael S. Foulk: Writing - review & editing, Supervision
  • Christopher D. Shaffer: Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization

Reviewed By

Anonymous

Nomenclature Validated By

Anonymous

History

  • Received: 8/22/2025
  • Revision Received: 10/14/2025
  • Accepted: 10/22/2025
  • Published Online: 10/27/2025

Copyright

© 2025 by the authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation

microPublication Biology is published by

1200 E. California Blvd. MC 1-43 Pasadena, CA 91125

The microPublication project is supported by

The National Institute of Health -- Grant #: 1U01LM012672-01

microPublication Biology:ISSN: 2578-9430